Readings:
Animal Science 374
ANIMAL HEALTH AND WELFARE
Department of Agricultural, Food and
Nutritional Science
University of Alberta
Fall 2002
Instructor:
Dr. Craig W. Wilkinson
Room: 3-10-U Ag/For Centre
Office Phone: 492-2934
E-mail: craig.wilkinson@ualberta.ca
Office Hours: flexible – by appointment
Scheduling:
Lectures:
Tues./Thurs. 11:00-12:20
811 General Service Building
Prerequisites:
* 3 in university-level biology
Course Description
- This
course helps students to develop an understanding of general principles
of health, disease and prevention in farm animals.
- The
course gives students the basis to build an intellectual framework for
understanding and discussing animal welfare concerns and other ethical
issues surrounding the use of animals in agriculture, science and society.
Course Objectives
Through this course, students will:
- Explore
your own and others’ attitudes towards animal welfare.
- Develop
a basic understanding of the history of animal use, and of various philosophical
positions underlying people’s attitudes on animal use.
- Foster
your ability to recognize and create rational arguments regarding animal
use and care, through discussion and written assignments.
- Be
able to discuss practical social, economic and legal issues that relate
to animals used in agriculture, research, entertainment, wildlife management
and as companion animals.
- Develop
a basic knowledge of various scientific approaches to the study of animal
welfare.
- Develop
a basic understanding of the principles of animal disease, causes of
disease, treatment and prevention of disease.
- Become
familiar with examples of causative agents of infectious disease, including
viruses, bacteria and parasites, including zoonotic diseases.
- Recognize
and describe a variety of non-infectious diseases.
As additional educational goals, students
will:
- Learn
to recognize the many factors (values, knowledge, technology, regulation
and economics) that enter into decisions about animal use and animal
health.
- Develop
skills in communication by discussing issues with others, by presenting
material to the class, and through written assignments.
- Be
exposed to several guest speakers who are veterinarians and animal scientists
in various types of roles related to animal health and welfare.
Expectations
All students are expected to master the
basic concepts of the course. You will best meet the course objectives
by being prepared for class by reading the assigned material, actively
participating in discussions, meeting deadlines for graded coursework,
and collaborating with fellow class members. As much of the course involves
discussion and interaction with classmates, attendance is imperative.
Appropriate professional behaviour demonstrating respect for fellow students and instructors
is expected. All students at the University of Alberta are subject to
the Code of Student Behaviour, as outlined on pages 710-732 of the Calendar.
Please familiarize yourself with it and ensure that you do not participate
in any inappropriate behaviour as defined by the Code. Key components
of the code include the following statements:
30.3.2(1)
No Student shall submit the words, ideas, images or data of another
person as the Student’s own in any academic writing, essay, thesis,
project, assignment, presentation or poster in a course or program of
study.
30.3.2(2)
c No Student shall represent another’s substantial editorial or compositional
assistance on an assignment as the Student’s own work.
Please speak with me if you have any
questions or concerns about the Code, particularly as it pertains to
assignments and internet research.
Written assignments must be handed in
by 4:00 p.m. on the date due. Late assignments will be docked 25% of
the total mark per day, and will
not be accepted after 2 days.
Required Resource Material
- Coursepack
– Available in U of A Bookstore
Methods of Student Evaluation
Mid-term
Exam 25%
Final
Exam 35%
Issue
Analysis (Hand-in Assignment) 5%
Term
Paper
Oral Summary
Presentation (5 minutes) 5%
Written Submission 20%
Class
Participation/Attendance 10%
LECTURE SCHEDULE (Subject
to change)
|
Week |
Day |
Date |
Subject |
Reading
Assignment (numbers correspond to reading list) |
|
1 |
Thurs. |
Sept. 5 |
Introduction -
Critical Thinking |
|
2 |
Tues. |
Sept. 10 |
Historical Attitudes,
Utilitarianism, Animal Rights, Value of Animal Life |
1,
2, 3 |
2 |
Thurs. |
Sept. 12 |
Philosophies on
Use and Treatment of Animals |
4,
5, 6 |
3 |
Tues. |
Sept. 17 |
Scientific Approaches
to Animal Welfare - Stress Physiology (Submit Term Paper Topics) |
7, |
3 |
Thurs. |
Sept. 19 |
Scientific Approaches
- Using Animal Behaviour; Preference testing -Detecting pain and injury;
Effects of Physical Environment |
8,
9, 10 |
4 |
Tues. |
Sept. 24 |
Animals Used in
Agriculture |
11,
12, 13 |
4 |
Thurs. |
Sept. 26 |
Regulatory Medicine
and Foreign Animal Disease - Dr. Larry Delver, CFIA (Covered on
Final Exam) |
14,
|
5 |
Tues. |
Oct. 1 |
Animals Used in
Agriculture - Dr. John Church, AAFRD Welfare Specialist |
15,
16, 17, 18 |
5 |
Thurs. |
Oct. 3 |
Animals Used in
Sport and Entertainment - Dr. Toni Bayans, HSLAS Assistant Director |
|
6 |
Tues. |
Oct. 8 |
Humane Societies
/ Animals Used for Companionship |
19,
20, 21 |
6 |
Thurs. |
Oct. 10 |
Animals Used in
Research - Dr. David Neil, University Veterinarian |
22, |
7 |
Tues. |
Oct. 15 |
Animal welfare
ethics in wildlife conservation and management - Dr. Lee Foote, Renewable
Resources |
23,
24 |
7 |
Thurs. |
Oct. 17 |
Student Presentations |
|
8 |
Tues. |
Oct. 22 |
Midterm Exam |
|
8 |
Thurs. |
Oct. 24 |
Causes of Disease,
Predisposing Factors |
25, |
9 |
Tues. |
Oct. 29 |
Infectious Agents
- Bacteria, Viruses, Parasites, etc. |
26, |
9 |
Thurs. |
Oct. 31 |
Immune System /
Principles of Immunization - Dr. Ed Doornenbal, Ayerst Technical
Service Veterinarian |
|
10 |
Tues. |
Nov. 5 |
Infectious Agents,
cont'd; Mechanisms of Infection and Immunity |
|
10 |
Thurs. |
Nov. 7 |
Housing, Hygiene,
Sanitation and Husbandry Effects on Health and Production, Reproductive
Health and Disease |
|
11 |
Tues. |
Nov. 12 |
No Class – Fall
Class Break |
|
11 |
Thurs. |
Nov. 14 |
Pathology – Recognition
of Disease - Dr. Richard Uwiera, Vet. Pathologist, HSLAS
and Zoonotic Diseases - Dr. Nick Nation, Director, HSLAS |
|
12 |
Tues. |
Nov. 19 |
Treatment and Prevention |
|
12 |
Thurs. |
Nov. 21 |
Herd Health Programmes
and Biosecurity |
27,
28 |
13 |
Tues. |
Nov. 26 |
Epidemiology, Epizootiology
- Dr. Sandra Honor, AAFRD |
|
13 |
Thurs. |
Nov. 28 |
Disease Case Studies
(Term Papers Due) |
|
14 |
Tues. |
Dec. 3 |
Disease Case Studies
|
|
Readings:
(All included in Coursepack, except
#9 and #11. Additional handouts may be given in class)
- Sandoe,
P., Crisp, R., and N. Holtug. (1997) Ethics. Chapter 1 in M.C. Appleby
and B.O. Hughes (editors), Animal Welfare. CAB International, Wallingford.
- Taylor, A. (1999) From Aristotle
to Darwin. Chapter 2 in Magpies, Monkeys and Morals: What Philosophers
Say About Animal Liberation. Broadview Press, Peterborough, Ontario.
- Guither, H.D. (1998) A Changing
Philosophy for Human and Animal Relationships. Chapter 2 in Animal Rights:
History and Scope of a Radical Social Movement. Southern Illinois University
Press, Carbondale, USA.
- Singer, P. (1990) All animals
are equal. Chapter 1 in Animal Liberation, Revised Edition. Avon Books,
New York.
- Midgley, M. (1983) The mixed
community. Chapter 10 in Animals and Why They Matter. University of
Georgia Press, Athens.
- Callicott, J.B. (1989) Animal
liberation: A triangular affair. Pages 29 to 36 of Chapter 1 in In Defense
of the Land Ethic. State University of New York Press, Albany, USA.
- Craig, J.V. (1981) Behavioral
and Psychological Stress. Chapter 14, and Shelter, Welfare and Handling.
Chapter 15 in Domestic Animal Behavior. Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood
Cliffs, New Jersey.
- Mench, J.A., and Mason, G.J.
(1997) Behaviour. Chapter 9 in M.C. Appleby and B.O. Hughes (editors),
Animal Welfare. CAB International, Wallingford.
- Fraser, D. (1993) Assessing
Animal Well-Being: Common Sense, Uncommon Science. Pages 37-54 in Food
Animal Well-Being 1993 -- Conference Proceedings and Deliberations.
USDA and Purdue University Office of Agricultural Research Programs.
See: http://www.ansc.purdue.edu/wellbeing/FAWB1993/Fraser.pdf
- Ewing,
S.A., Lay, D.C. and von Borell, E. (1999) Aberrant Behavior. Pages 178-195
in Farm Animal Well-Being: Stress Physiology, Animal Behavior and Environmental
Design. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
- Rollin, B.E. (1993) Animal
production and the new social ethic for animals. Pages 3-13 in Food
Animal Well-Being 1993 -- Conference Proceedings and Deliberations.
USDA and Purdue University Office of Agricultural Research Programs.
See: http://www.ansc.purdue.edu/wellbeing/FAWB1993/Rollin.pdf
- Fox,
M.W. (1996) To Farm Without Harm and Choosing a Humane Diet: The Bioethics
of Humane Sustainable Agriculture. Chapter 5 in Garner, R., Animal Rights,
the Changing Debate. New York University Press, Washington Square, New
York.
- Fraser, D. (2001) The Culture
and Agriculture of Animal Production. In Advances in Pork Production
Vol. 12: 171-179.
- Kahn, S., Geale. D.W., Kitching,
P.R., Bouffard, A., Allard, D.G., Duncan, J.R. Vaccination against foot
and mouth disease: the implications for Canada. Can Vet J 2002; 43:
349-354.
- Tennessen, T. (1991) Can
Animals Cope With High-Tech Husbandry? Pages 5-14 in Martin, J. (ed.)
High Technology and Animal Welfare. Proceedings of the 1991 High Technology
and Animal Welfare Symposium. University of Alberta, Faculty of Extension.
- Stookey, J.M. (1994) Is Intensive
Dairy Production Compatible With Animal Welfare? Pages 209-219 in Advances
in Dairy Technology, Vol. 6. Proceedings of Western Canadian Dairy Seminar
1994, University of Alberta, Department of Animal Science.
- Hemsworth, P.H. and Gonyou,
H.W. (1997) Human Contact. Chapter 14 in M.C. Appleby and B.O. Hughes
(editors), Animal Welfare. CAB International, Wallingford.
- Appleby, M. (1999) Buying
Power: Individual Action. Chapter 8 in What Should We Do About Animal
Welfare? Blackwell Science, Oxford.
- Fox, M.W. (1980) Pets and
Their Owners. Chapter 5 in Returning to Eden. Viking Press, New York.
- Rollin, B.E. (1999) Subtle
Advantages of Pursuing Companion Animal Welfare. Pages 61-68 in Veterinary
Medical Ethics. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
- Preece, R. and Chamberlain,
L. (1993) Companion Animals. Chapter 13 in Animal Welfare and Human
Values. Wilfred Laurier University Press, Waterloo, Ontario.
- Sandoe, P. (1994) Animal
Research and Ethics. Chapter 1 in Svendsen, P. and Hau, J. Handbook
of Laboratory Animal Science, Volume 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
- Taylor, A. (1999) Sport Hunting.
Pages 80-84 and page 87 in Magpies, Monkeys and Morals: What Philosophers
Say About Animal Liberation. Broadview Press, Peterborough, Ontario.
- Herscovici, A. (1985) Building
a New Relationship With Nature. Chapter 8 in Second Nature: The animal-rights
controversy. Stoddart, Toronto.
- Radostits, O.M., Leslie,
K.E. and Fetrow, J. (1994) Control of Infectious Diseases in Food-Producing
Animals. Chapter 4 in Herd Health: Food Animal Production Medicine,
2nd ed. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
- Jackson, N.S., Greer, W.J.,
and Baker, J.K. (2000) The Nature of Disease. Chapter 1 in Animal Health,
3rd ed. Interstate Publishers, Danville, Illinois.
- Radostits, O.M., Leslie,
K.E. and Fetrow, J. (1994) General Principles. Chapter 1 in Herd Health:
Food Animal Production Medicine, 2nd ed. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
- Acker, D. and Cunningham,
M. (1998) Figure 12-1, Pages 220-221; Box 12-2, Page 222 and Figure
12-2, Page 223 in Animal Science and Industry, 5th ed. Prentice Hall,
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
Other Suggested Resources:
- Appleby,
M.C. and Hughes, B.O. (editors) (1997) Animal Welfare, CAB International,
Wallingford, UK. [Several of the readings are chapters in this book].
- Appleby, M. (1999) What Should
We Do About Animal Welfare? Blackwell Science, Oxford. [One of the readings
is a chapter in this book].
- Dolan, K. (1999) Ethics,
Animals and Science. Blackwell Science, Malden, MA.
- Sainsbury, D. (1986) Farm
Animal Welfare. Collins, London.
- Rollin,
B.E. (1995) Farm Animal Welfare: Social, Bioethical, and Research issues,
1st ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
- Sherman, D.M. (2002) Cultural
Attitudes Concerning the Use of Animals. Chapter 3 in Tending Animals
in the Global Village: A Guide to International Veterinary Medicine.
Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore. [One
reading is a chapter in this book].
- Jackson, N.S., Greer, W.J.,
and Baker, J.K. (2000) Animal Health, 3rd ed. Interstate Publishers,
Danville, Illinois. [One reading is a chapter in this book].
- O.M
Radostits ... [et al.] ; with contributions by J.H. Arundel ... [et
al.] (2000) Veterinary medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle,
sheep, pigs, goats, and horses. 9th ed. W.B. Saunders, London. [Widely
available in many earlier editions also].
- Sainsbury,
D. (1998) Animal Health, 2nd ed. Blackwell Science, Malden, MA.
- Merck Veterinary Manual,
8th ed. (1998) Merck and Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, N.J. [Many earlier
editions widely available]
- CCAC Guide to the Care and
Use of Experimental Animals – Volume 1, 2nd ed. (1993) Canadian Council
on Animal Care, Ottawa.
- Agriculture and Agri-Food
Canada Codes of Practice. Editions for Pigs, Poultry, Dairy Cattle,
Beef Cattle, Horses, etc.
Websites:
Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) www.hsus.org
American Humane Association (entertainment)
www.americanhumane.org
American
Humane Association Film and TV Unit www.ahafilm.org
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
(PETA) www.peta.org
Zoocheck Canada www.zoocheck.com
World Society for the Protection of Animals
(WSPA) www.wspa-international.org
Canadian Federation of Humane Societies
(CFHS) www.cfhs.ca
Meatingplace www.meatingplace.com
Dr. Temple Grandin’s Web Pages www.grandin.com
Canadian Veterinary Medical Association
(CVMA) www.animalhealthcare.ca
Alberta Farm Animal Care Association
(AFAC) www.afac.ab.ca
Canadian Council on
Animal Care (CCAC) www.ccac.ca
U of Guelph Ctr. for the Study of Animal
Welfare
www.aps.uoguelph.ca/~csaw/
NetVet http://netvet.wustl.edu/vet.htm
Canadian Food Inspection Agency www.inspection.gc.ca
Sample Term Paper Topics Not Inclusive
– BYOT (Bring your own topic!)
- Traditional
foxhunting in Britain
- Animal
welfare issues in the salmon aquaculture industry
- Design
of zoos as a reflection of animal welfare concerns
- Ethical
and animal welfare concerns surrounding traditional Spanish bull-fighting
- Welfare
issues of metabolism crates in nutrition research using agricultural
species
- Effects
of eco-tourism on Gorilla gorilla beringei
- The
disparity in the treatment and protection of laboratory, pet and pest
rodents
- Animal
welfare issues and anti-vivisectionism in medical research
- The
welfare of cattle in slaughter plants
- Animal
welfare aspects of poultry transportation
- Animal
welfare dimensions of commercial fishing
- Welfare
of transgenic animals
- An
evaluation of hot-iron branding and some alternatives
- Cold
stress in beef cattle and the need for housing
- Welfare
of animals in the circus industry
- Animal
hoarding – the problem of animal collectors
- Cosmetic
surgery on companion animals: canine tail amputation, dewclaw removal,
ear cropping and feline onchyectomy (declawing)
- Sow
housing systems and welfare issues
- Animals
in film
- Niche
marketing of welfare
- Veal
calf production
- Welfare
issues in developing countries
- Links
between animal cruelty and domestic violence
- Greyhound
racing: animal welfare issues and concerns
- The
Pregnant Mare Urine industry